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        <lastBuildDate>Mon, 23 Nov 2009 19:03:36 -0700</lastBuildDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Shared Intention, Reliance, and Interpersonal Obligations. Ethics 119 (2009): 444&amp;ndash;475.</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132801/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:05:26 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132801</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The Other Problem of Negative Existentials</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132519/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>New draft</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Sat, 14 Nov 2009 08:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132519</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Deflationary Reference and Negative Existentials</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132786/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 29 Oct 2009 23:42:29 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132786</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Metaphysics as Make-Believe</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132731/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Oct 2009 21:39:29 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132731</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Dynamic Testimonial Logic</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132706/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); ">Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Logic, Rationality and Interaction (LORI-II), <i>Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence</i>, Vol. 5834, pp. 161-179.</span></p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Sep 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132706</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>A topological study of the closed fragment of GLP</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132541/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Forthcoming in <em>Journal of Logic and Computation</em> (OUP).</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 12 Aug 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132541</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>On topological models of GLP</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132536/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>(with Lev Beklemishev and Guram Bezhanishvili)</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132536</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Intention Rationality</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132481/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Author Posting. (c) Taylor &amp; Francis, 2009.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; This is the author's version of the work.&nbsp; It is posted here by permission of Taylor &amp; Francis for personal use, not for redistribution.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The definitive version was published in <u>Philosophical Explorations</u>, Volume 12 Issue 3, September 2009.<br /><br />
doi:10.1080/13869790903067717 (<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13869790903067717" target="_blank">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/<wbr></wbr>13869790903067717</a>)</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132481</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Setiya on Intention, Rationality and Reasons</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132406/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p><u>Analysis</u> 69 (2009): 510-521.</p><br />
<p>&nbsp;</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Tue, 30 Jun 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132406</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Deductive Constraints and Binary Beliefs</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132509/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Fri, 12 Jun 2009 04:15:34 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132509</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Intention, Practical Rationality, and Self-Governance</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132471/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/toc/et/119/3">&nbsp;<u>Ethics</u> 119 (April 2009):411-443.</a></p><br />
<p><u><br /><br />
</u></p><br />
<p>&nbsp;</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Mon, 08 Jun 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132471</guid>
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        <item>
            <title>A Holistic Hypothesis for Language Acquisition: A Philosophical Perspective, Foreign Language ...</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132497/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 21 May 2009 16:59:57 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132497</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Unsayability and Phenomenal Meaning, Foreign Language Research (3): 20-25, 2006</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132496/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 21 May 2009 16:58:19 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132496</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The Holistic Hypothesis and L2 Teaching, Modern Foreign Languages (1): 73-78, 2007</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132495/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 21 May 2009 16:57:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132495</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The Aroma of Coffee: Exploring the Unsayability of Sensory Experience,&amp;nbsp;2007</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132494/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 21 May 2009 16:55:14 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132494</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>A Tripartite Taxonomy of ES Meanings and the Limits of Translation, Journal of Jinan University ...</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132493/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 21 May 2009 16:50:51 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132493</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>A Map Theory of Language, Foreign Language Research (3): 7-12, 2008</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132492/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 21 May 2009 16:48:07 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132492</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Modest Sociality and the Distinctiveness of Intention</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132263/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&amp;id=doi:10.1007/s11098-009-9375-9"><u>Philosophical Studies</u>&nbsp; (2009)&nbsp; 144: 149-65.</a><u><br /><br />
</u>Please quote from published verison.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132263</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Intention, Belief, and Wishful Thinking:&amp;nbsp; Setiya on &amp;quot;Practical Knowledge&amp;quot;</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132476/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Sun, 26 Apr 2009 01:53:55 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132476</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Eternal Recurrence and Nihilism: Adding Weight to the Unbearable Lightness of Action</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132454/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Version 2.3</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Tue, 07 Apr 2009 20:02:53 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132454</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>&amp;quot;Ensemble Dynamics of Intermittency and Power-Law Decay&amp;quot; (with Dean J. ...</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132451/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 02 Apr 2009 06:19:49 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132451</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>&amp;quot;On background: Using two-argument chance.&amp;quot;&amp;nbsp; Synthese 116:165-186 (2009).</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132434/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Apr 2009 20:21:16 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132434</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>&amp;quot;How and how not to make predictions with temporal Copernicanism. ...</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132433/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Apr 2009 20:20:07 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132433</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Intention, Belief, and Instrumental Rationality</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132267/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>In David Sobel and Steven Wall, eds., <u>Reasons for Action</u>&nbsp; (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009): 13-36. </p><br />
<p><a href="http://www.cambridge.org/us/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521877466">http://www.cambridge.org/us/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521877466</a></p><br />
<p>This pdf file is an almost final version.&nbsp; Please quote only from published version.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Apr 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132267</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Reviews March 2009</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132426/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Reviews to be published in Mathematical Reviews and Zentralblatt fuer Mathematik</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Fri, 27 Mar 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132426</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Description of 137/237 Wittgenstein, Spring 2008-9</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132419/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 25 Mar 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132419</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Cut Free Formulations for a Quantified Logic of Here and There</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132399/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Submitted to Shanin Festschrift volume of Annals of Pure and Applied Logic</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Mar 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132399</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Analytic Cut in Modal Logic: the System B</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132400/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Draft; To be submitted</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Mar 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132400</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>&amp;quot;Hilbert, Pre-Established Harmony, and the 'Finite Stance'&amp;quot;</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132432/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>talk at conference &quot;Kant's Philosophy of Mathematics&quot;, Jerusalem, 19 March 2009</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 19 Mar 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132432</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Who Does What</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/131745/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>This document tells you who does what in the department in terms of staff.&nbsp; If you're not sure who to contact about something, please refer to this list for the correct person.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Mon, 16 Mar 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>131745</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Individual User Manual for Website</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132338/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Version 1.9</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132338</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The Nature of Inclination</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132378/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>There is a puzzle in the very notion of passive motivation (&quot;passion&quot; or &quot;inclination&quot;). To be motivated is not simply to be moved from the outside. Motivation is in some sense self-movement. But how can an agent be passive with respect to her own motivation? How is passive motivation possible? In this paper I defend the ancient view that inclination stems from a motivational source independent of reason, a motivational source that is both agential and nonrational.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132378</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Fichte's Attempt at a Critique of All Revelation</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132353/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>A new Introduction to the Cambridge reissue of the Garrett Green translation of J. G. Fichte's first published work. It provides historical background, exposition of the work and a discussion of Fichte's influence on nineteenth and twentieth century continental philosophy.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 11 Mar 2009 21:42:04 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132353</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Exploitation</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132352/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>This paper attempts to clarify the concept of exploitation and to say what we think is bad about exploitation. It features discussions of recent literature on the topic, the Marxist thesis that capital exploits labor and the charge that surrogacy contracts exploit the birth mother. </p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 11 Mar 2009 21:35:15 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132352</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Measuring Information in Nature</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132341/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Dretske (1981) attempts to ground epistemology in an account of the ﬂow of information in nature. Skyrms (forthcoming) argues that Dretske&rsquo;s account offers the wrong notion of informational content. Dretske argues that a signal carries information about some state of affairs if and only if that state of affairs obtains with probability 1. This strict requirement allows Dretske to ground knowledge in information, but prevents him from taking advantage of the ﬂexibility inherent in a probabilistic account. In contrast, Skyrms develops a theory of content in signaling games that derives directly from divergence measures in information theory. This theory is ﬂexible, but is deﬁned for communication signals, not natural events. What happens if we treat nature as a participant in a signaling game: can we provide an account of the informational content of natural events? This paper offers such an account. Section 1 motivates the task. Section 2 deﬁnes a model of natural events and demonstrates how a probability distribution can be deﬁned over it. In Section 3, Skyrms&rsquo; strategy for characterizing informational content is applied to this model. I conclude with some comparisons to other approaches and conjectures about future directions.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 11 Mar 2009 17:41:55 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132341</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Hegel on Responsibility for Actions and Consequences</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132337/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Hegel develops a theory of the imputability of deeds and consequences that contrasts favorably with Kant's and deals interestingly with some issues usually considered under the heading of &quot;moral luck.&quot;</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 11 Mar 2009 14:39:24 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132337</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Herder and Kant on History: Their Enlightenment Faith</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132336/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>J. G. Herder is commonly understood as a critic of Kant, and the Enlightenment. This paper defends a different reading, and also the thesis that the Enlightenment embodies a <em>faith</em> in human progress that is not only consistent with historical evidence but sometimes required to evaluate the evidence rationally.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 11 Mar 2009 14:06:24 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132336</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>How to Reconcile Deflationism and Nonfactualism</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132328/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 11 Mar 2009 02:54:52 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132328</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Kant and the Intelligibility of Evil</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132321/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Kant's thesis that human nature has a radical propensity to evil has been criticized as not allowing for actions that are extremely evil, and also on the ground that Kant does not make human evil intelligible to us. This paper replies to both criticisms, and argues that Kant locates both evil and the struggle against it in human social life.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2009 23:51:45 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132321</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Links to C.V. and to online papers</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132309/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2009 20:31:18 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132309</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Kant and the Right to Lie</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132320/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Kant's essay&nbsp; &quot;On a Presumed Right to Lie from Philanthropy&quot; (1797), is widely held to advocate an unreasonably extreme position about the prohibition on lying. I argue that his position is not what it is commonly taken to be, and that it is quite reasonable.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132320</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Who They Are and What De Se: Burge on Quasi-Memory</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132323/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p><em>Philosophical Studies</em> (May 2009). I defend Sydney Shoemaker's quasi-memory-based approach to diachronic personal identity against a recent criticism by Tyler Burge.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132323</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>How We Know What We're Doing</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132291/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2009 01:25:03 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132291</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>&amp;nbsp;Equality, Adequacy and Education for Citizenship, Ethics 117 [July 2007]</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132290/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2009 01:17:25 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132290</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Carnap's 1934 Objections to Wittgenstein's Say/Show Distinction</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132298/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>A defense of Carnap's interpretation of and objections to Wittgenstein's say/show distinction (currently under review).</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2009 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132298</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Reinterpreting the Kwakiutl Hamatsa Dance As an
Expression of the Apollonian and Dionysian ...</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132245/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>In <em>Patterns of Culture</em>, Ruth Benedict appropriates Nietzsche&rsquo;s distinction between the Apollonian and Dionysian art impulses as the model for her discussion of cultural diversity among North American Indians. However, Benedict&rsquo;s use of the Nietzschean model not only fails to capture the true ritual significance of the religious or spiritual practices of Kwakiutl Indians of the North West Coast, the result of which portrays the Kwakiutl as primitive savages, but it is also a crude misrepresentation of the Nietzschean model she takes herself to be adopting. While I do not think that Benedict&rsquo;s position is definitive of current scholarship on this topic, it is my contention that the Apollonian/Dionysian model, properly understood, yields some rather interesting insights into the religio-spiritual practices of the Kwakiutl and so is deserving of further study. This article offers an interpretation of the hamatsa dance of the Kwakiutl Winter Ceremonial as a synthesis of both Apollonian and Dionysian art impulses through which the Kwakiutl construct their ontological and moral worldview.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2009 20:51:05 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132245</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>&amp;nbsp;Moore's Paradox&amp;nbsp;</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132218/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>&nbsp;An utterance semantic account of Moorean absurdity.</p><br />
<p>Co-authored with John Perry</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 04 Mar 2009 22:23:37 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132218</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The Persistent Mystery of Existence</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132751/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Sun, 01 Mar 2009 08:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132751</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Dogmatism Repuzzled</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132257/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p><em>Philosophical Studies</em> (forthcoming) (with Levi Spectre)</p><br />
<p>Harman and Lewis credit Kripke with having formulated a puzzle that seems to show that knowledge entails dogmatism. The puzzle is widely regarded as having been solved. In this paper we argue that this standard solution, in its various versions, addresses only a limited aspect of the puzzle and holds no promise of fully resolving it. Analyzing this failure and the proper rendering of the puzzle, it is suggested that it poses a significant challenge for the defense of epistemic closure.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Fri, 09 Jan 2009 08:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132257</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Action and Belief: Dutch Book Arguments for Generalized Sleeping Beauty</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132339/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>In section 1, I respond to the challenge which concludes Horgan, et al. (2008) by providing a sub jectivist analysis of a generalized form of the Sleeping Beauty problem. The argument consists in offering a Dutch Book in the style of Hitchcock (2004). Although this analysis will appear at ﬁrst to support the &ldquo;thirdist&rdquo; conclusion, I will argue in section 2 for a closer examination of the relationship between actions and beliefs. In particular, I will suggest that a Hitchcock-style Dutch Book (and, by extension, any &ldquo;thirdist&rdquo; analysis of Sleeping Beauty) can only motivate the correct behavior for a limited class of actions. By varying the mechanism by which bets are stored, we can explore the relationship between actions and repetition via simultaneous parallel Dutch Book arguments. The moral of this exercise is &ldquo;halﬁst&rdquo; in ﬂavor. Speciﬁcally, I argue that only if Beauty does not change her degree of belief once the experiment has commenced can she calculate appropriate behavior during the experiment for the full range of possible actions. Although the perspective is resolutely sub jectivist throughout, I conclude with a challenge to objectivist &ldquo;thirdists&rdquo;: how can an &ldquo;objective&rdquo; probability assignment be taken seriously if it cannot be used as a basis for rational action?</p><br />
<p>[<em>a revised version of this paper is currently under submission to Synthese</em>]</p><br />
<p>&nbsp;</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Tue, 07 Oct 2008 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132339</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Intention, Belief, Practical, Theoretical</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132262/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Forthcoming in Simon Robertson, ed.,&nbsp;&nbsp; <font><i><span style="font-style: italic;">Spheres of Reason: New Essays on the Philosophy      of Normativity</span></i></font></span><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">(Oxford University Press)&nbsp;</span></span></p><br />
<p><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></font><span style="font-size: small;"><font face="Times New Roman"><a href="http://www.oup.com/uk/catalogue/?ci=9780199572939" target="_blank">http://www.oup.com/uk/</a></font></span><font face="Times New Roman"><a href="http://www.oup.com/uk/catalogue/?ci=9780199572939" target="_blank"><wbr></wbr><span style="font-size: small;">catalogue/?ci=9780199572939</span></a></font></p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Mon, 22 Sep 2008 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132262</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Shared Agency</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132280/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Forthcoming in in C. Mantzavinos, ed., <u>Philosophy of the Social Sciences: Philosophical Theory and Scientific Practice</u>&nbsp; Cambridge University Press, 2009)</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Mon, 30 Jun 2008 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132280</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Prospects for Naturalizing Color, or &amp;quot;What's blue and yellow and green all over?&amp;quot;</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/131770/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>In Churchland (2007), Paul Churchland gives an argument for the &quot;objective reality&quot; of color; the strategy he deploys to make this argument is an instance of a more general research program, which he calls &quot;domain-portrayal semantics.&quot; In section 1, I point out some features of color vision which complicate Churchland's conclusion, in particular, the context sensitive and inferential nature of color perception. In section 2, I examine and defend the general research program, concluding that it lies at the intersection of strategies to naturalize representational content. Such a minimally naturalistic, or operationalist, program involves two components: first, a mapping between the target domain of represented structures (colors, shapes, middle-sized dry goods, whatever) and the target range of representational cognitive structures; second, a detailed account of the causal processes which induce this mapping. I conclude with some conjectures concerning the future of such an operationalist program, in particular, that other perceptual domains may exhibit the same context sensitivity and inferential character as color.</p><br />
<p>[<em>forthcoming in slightly revised form in the special issue of the PSA journal on contributed papers from PSA 2008</em>]</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Tue, 24 Jun 2008 17:51:44 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>131770</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Response to Gut Reactions</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132303/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Longer version of my PPR Symposium Piece on Jesse J. Prinz, <em>Gut Reactions: A Perceptual Theory of Emotions, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research</em> 76 (3), May 2008, 720-8.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 08 May 2008 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132303</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Office Hours Spring 2008</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/131623/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[Here is an excel spread sheet of the office hours and locations for the faculty and graduate students of the department of Philosophy for the Spring Quarter of 2008]]></description>
            <pubDate>Mon, 10 Mar 2008 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>131623</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Reflections on the Philosophy of Action</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132264/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>In Jesus Aguilar and Andrei A. Buckareff, eds.&nbsp; <u>Philosophy of Action: 5 Questions</u>&nbsp; (Automatic Press/VIP, 2009)</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 30 Jan 2008 08:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132264</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Is Virtue Sufficient For Happiness? the contemporary relevance of an ancient question</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132310/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>This essay (my MA Thesis) explores the relation between virtue and happiness, and is primarily an exercise at the intersection of ancient and contemporary ethics, with emphasis on the contemporary end of the spectrum.<br /><br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Specifically, I argue that the thesis that virtue is sufficient for happiness (the Sufficiency Thesis) needs to be reconsidered in contemporary ethical debates, as it has been mostly ignored since its unequivocal abandonment well over a thousand years ago. This conclusion might come as a surprise given that today many argue that virtue is not even necessary for happiness (the Necessity Thesis), let alone sufficient for it. I will spend some time discussing the plausibility of virtue&rsquo;s necessity relation to happiness.<br /><br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Despite the unilateral rejection of the Sufficiency Thesis, I will argue that the reasons traditionally given for rejecting it are seriously flawed. In this process, I will show that any conclusions drawn are crucially linked to one&rsquo;s theory of virtuous activity and the necessary conditions under which such action may be called successful. This will show that we must be careful to separate ancient formulations of the thesis from contemporary and plausible formulations of it.<br /><br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Seeing that the reasons given for rejecting the Sufficiency Thesis are flawed will only get us to the conclusion that the Sufficiency Thesis needs to be reconsidered; and indeed, this is an important conclusion. I go further, however, and give some reason to think that, given the choice between the Necessity Thesis and the Sufficiency Thesis, the Sufficiency Thesis is actually the more plausible of the two. This is surprising indeed considering the historical dominance of the Necessity Thesis view.<br /><br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In the end, my conclusions herein are meant as a sort of grounding for further work in debates about the relation between virtue and happiness, and debates about theories of happiness and well-being more generally.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Sun, 13 Jan 2008 08:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132310</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Honest Illusion: Valuing for Nietzsche's Free Spirits</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132089/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>In <em><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Nietzsche-Morality-Brian-Leiter/dp/0199285934/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1?ie=UTF8&amp;s=books&amp;qid=1236401392&amp;sr=8-1">Nietzsche and Morality</a></em><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Nietzsche-Morality-Brian-Leiter/dp/0199285934/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1?ie=UTF8&amp;s=books&amp;qid=1236401392&amp;sr=8-1">, edited by Brian Leiter and Neil Sinhababu, 157-91. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007</a>. Chosen for the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.philosophersannual.org">Philosopher's Annual 2008</a>&nbsp;as one of the ten best philosophy articles published in 2007.</p><br />
<p>In his blog posting, <a href="http://brianleiternietzsche.blogspot.com/2008/03/is-nietzsche-fictionalist.html">&quot;Is Nietzsche a Fictionalist?</a>&quot;, Brian Leiter provides a detailed critique of this paper.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Mon, 31 Dec 2007 08:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132089</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Requirements of Rationality</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132455/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Version 2.4</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Sun, 12 Aug 2007 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132455</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Mr. Magoo's Mistake</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132251/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p><em>Philosophical Studies</em>, 139, 289-306 (2008) (with Levi Spectre)</p><br />
<p>Timothy Williamson has famously argued that the KK principle <br /><br />
(namely, that if one knows that p, then one knows that one knows that p) should be rejected. We analyze Williamson&rsquo;s argument and show that its key premise is ambiguous, and that when it is properly stated this premise no longer supports the argument against (KK). After canvassing possible objections to our argument, we reflect upon some conclusions that suggest significant epistemological ramifications pertaining to the&nbsp; acquisition of knowledge from prior knowledge by deduction.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 09 Aug 2007 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132251</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Metaethics&amp;nbsp;and Nihilism in Reginster's The Affirmation of Life</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132090/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Version 1.8 (July 21, 2007).</p><br />
<p>It is not a simple matter to determine either what Nietzsche means by &lsquo;nihilism&rsquo; or what he thinks we should do about it. To start with, there seem to be many different nihilisms discussed in different places in Nietzsche&rsquo;s writings.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>Furthermore, though he seems at times to accept positions we might be inclined to think of as nihilistic, he also presents himself as showing us, or at least some of us, a path beyond nihilism.</p><br />
<!--StartFragment-->    <!--EndFragment-->]]></description>
            <pubDate>Sat, 21 Jul 2007 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132090</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Structures of Agency:&amp;nbsp; Essays</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132283/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Oxford University Press, 2007.</p><br />
<p>&nbsp;For review see</p><br />
<p><a href="http://ndpr.nd.edu/review.cfm?id=9623">http://ndpr.nd.edu/review.cfm?id=9623</a>&nbsp;</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Feb 2007 08:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132283</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Problems of Paraphrase: Bottom's Dream</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132278/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Philosophers and critics alike often contend that metaphors cannot or should not be paraphrased, ever. Yet a simple and decisive empirical argument &mdash; The Horse&rsquo;s Mouth Argument &mdash; suffices to show that many metaphors <em>can</em> be paraphrased without violating the spirit in which they were put forward in the first place. This argument leaves us with urgent unanswered questions about the role of paraphrase in a more inclusive division of exegetical labor, about the tension between its notorious openendedness and its claim to restate something already stated, and about the relation between the content of a paraphrase and the content (or contents) of the metaphor the paraphrase purports to explain. But it leaves us in a position to state such questions more clearly and hopefully than we could before.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2007 08:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132278</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Identifying Fact and Fiction</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132791/</link>
            <description></description>
            <pubDate>Fri, 22 Dec 2006 08:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132791</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Anchors for Deliberation</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132566/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>A slightly revised version of this manuscript appears in Christoph Lumer and Sandro Nannini, eds., <u>Intentionality, Deliberation, and Autonomy</u>&nbsp; (Ashgate, 2007): 187-205.&nbsp; Please quote from published verison.&nbsp; </p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Mon, 16 Oct 2006 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132566</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Kantian Rigorism and Mitigating Conditions</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132379/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>There is a tension between the deontological intuition that actions of certain types (e.g., deception) are wrong &quot;in themselves,&quot; independently of the particular circumstances, and the intuition that such actions can be permissible under certain extreme or unusual circumstances. I argue that we can save both intuitions if we conceive of moral rules on the model of ideal practice rules.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Sun, 15 Oct 2006 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132379</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Misunderstanding Metaethics: Korsgaard's Rejection of Realism</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132591/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>In <a href="http://www.us.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Philosophy/EthicsMoralPhilosophy/?view=usa&amp;ci=9780199291892"><em>Oxford Studies in Metaethics</em> 1, edited by Russ Shafer-Landau, 265-294. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2006</a>.</p><br />
<ul><br />
    <li>Co-authored with Nishi Shah, Department of Philosophy, Amherst College</li><br />
    <li>Also available at <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0199291896/qid=1150419927/sr=1-1/ref=sr_1_1/103-5942103-0293408?s=books&amp;v=glance&amp;n=283155">Amazon</a>.</li><br />
</ul>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Fri, 01 Sep 2006 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132591</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Friedrich Albert Lange</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132596/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p><em>The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</em>, Edward N. Zalta (ed.)</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Sat, 31 Dec 2005 19:32:02 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132596</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Review of John Skorupski, Ethical Explorations</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132606/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Ethics 115, no. 3 (2005): 626-28</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2005 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132606</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The Return of Moral Fictionalism</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132611/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Philosophical Perspectives 18, no. 1 (2004): 149-87</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Dec 2004 08:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132611</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The Guise of a Reason</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132616/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p><em>Philosophical Studies</em> 121, no. 3 (2004): 263-75.</p><br />
<ul><br />
    <li>Contribution to a book symposium on David Velleman's <em>The Possibility of Practical Reason</em>.</li><br />
    <li>For Velleman's response, see his <a href="http://www.springerlink.com/link.asp?id=l37122tp18l78269">&quot;Replies to Discussions on The Possibility of Practical Reason&quot; Philosophical Studies 121, no. 3 (2004): 277-98</a>.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<p></p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Dec 2004 08:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132616</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Nietzsche's Positivism</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132621/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p><em>European Journal of Philosophy</em> 12, no. 3 (2004): 326-68</p><br />
<p>For a critique of this article, see <a href="http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1111/j.0966-8373.2004.00214.x/abs/">Maudemarie Clark and David Dudrick, &quot;Nietzsche's Post-Positivism,&quot; European Journal of Philosophy 12, no. 3 (2004): 369-85</a>.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Dec 2004 08:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132621</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Reading Nietzsche through Ernst Mach</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132626/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p><em>Nietzsche and Science</em>, edited by Gregory Moore and Thomas H. Brobjer, 111-29. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Dec 2004 08:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132626</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Essays on the History of the Philosophy of Mathematics (ed.). </title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132300/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Special issue of the <a href="http://www.newschool.edu/nssr/GFPJ/GFPJ/home.html"><em>Graduate Faculty Philosophy Journal</em></a> vol. 25, no. 2 (2004). Editor and Introduction.</p><br />
<p>A collection of essays by up and coming young scholars revisiting themes in the philosophy of mathematics from an historical perspective. Includes articles on Plato, Descartes, Vieta, Newton, Kant, and G&ouml;del, among others.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Nov 2004 08:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132300</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Review of Rob Van Gerwen, ed., Richard Wollheim on the Art of Painting: Art as Representation ...</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132284/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>An expanded version of the review I did for <em>Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews.</em></p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 07 Oct 2004 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132284</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Review of Michael S. Green, Nietzsche and the Transcendental Tradition</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132601/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p><em>The Philosophical Review</em> 113, no. 2 (2004): 275-78</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Sep 2004 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132601</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The Last Collapse? An Essay Review of Hilary Putnam's The Collapse of the Fact/Value Dichotomy ...</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132301/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p><em>Philosophy of Science</em>, <a href="http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/421540">vol. 71 (2004)</a>, pp. 402-11.</p><br />
<p>A lengthy review of Putnam's book.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Thu, 15 Jul 2004 07:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132301</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Faces of Intention: Selected Essays on Intention and Agency</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132282/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,&nbsp; 1999)</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Wed, 10 Mar 1999 00:11:23 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132282</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Aptness and Truth in Verbal Metaphor</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132279/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>Corrected version of the paper in <em>Philosophical Topics</em> 25 (1), Spring 1997, 117-53.</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Sun, 02 Mar 1997 00:01:46 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132279</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Intention, Plans, and Practical Reason</title>
            <link>http://philosophy.stanford.edu/community/documents-papers/view/132281/</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>(Cambridge:&nbsp; Harvard University Press, 1987).&nbsp; Paperback edition:&nbsp; 1990.&nbsp; Japanese translation (Tokyo:&nbsp; Sangyo Tosho, 1994).&nbsp;&nbsp; Reissued by CSLI&nbsp; Publications, 1999</p>]]></description>
            <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 1987 00:09:51 -0700</pubDate>
            <guid>132281</guid>
        </item>
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